Pulsed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Spin Echo

This experiment is an example of magnetic resonance a class of experiments in which very small energy separations (typically 10−7 eV) of quantum mechanical states are determined by measuring the frequency of a sinusoidally varying magnetic field, which induces transitions between the states. Some examples of magnetic resonance experiments are: nuclear magnetic resonance [1, 8], nuclear quadrupole resonance [8] electron spin resonance [9], atomic beam magnetic resonance [10], and optical pumping [11]. These different experiments are distinguished by the systems under study i.e. atoms, nuclei, or solids, and by the method of detection of the resonance. Magnetic resonance has played an important role in almost every field of physics. Examples of the physical quantities measured in these experiments are given below.